Microray vacuum tube



A. G. CLAVIER MICRORAY VACUUM TUBE May 22, 1934.

Filed Dec. 19. 1931 FIG. 2

FIG.

FIG. 5

FIG. 4

////////A //////I I g I I I I I I INYENTOR ANDRE. G.

CLAVIER ATTORNEY l atented may 22, E934 international Communications Laboratories,

inc, Newark, N. 3., a corporation oi New York Application December 19, 1931, Serial No. 582,092

1 Claim.

This invention relates to micro-ray vacuum tubes, that is, to vacuum tubes to be used in a signaling system with waves lying roughly in the range between 100 centimeters and 1 centimeter.

In my United States Patent No. 1,928,498, filed November 24, 1931, I have disclosed a signaling system for waves in this range. In that system a vacuum tube was employed which had a straight wire filament or cathode, a helical oscillating electrode with its axis along said cathode, and a cylindrical reflecting electrode surrounding said oscillating electrode and concentric therewith. Two leads from the opposite ends of the oscillating electrode were connected through a transmission line consisting of concentric conductors to a radiating or receiving antenna. One side of this line was connected through a battery to the cathode. A single lead 29 from the reflecting electrode was connected to a battery, and two leads were connected from the cathode across a battery.

In such a system it is desirable that the leads from the oscillating electrode shall be parallel.

5 This requires that they shall not be closer together than the length of the helical oscillating electrode. It is also desirable that the concentric conductors comprising the transmission line shall be small. This makes it desirable that the leads from the cscillating electrode shall be as close together as possible. It is also desirable that the leads from the oscillating electrode shall be close together in order to avoid radiation loss, which increases with increase in the distance be- 5 tween these wires.

In order to permit the use of a concentric transmission line of small diameter and at the same time keep the leads from the tube to the transmission line parallel, I have invented a new type of micro-ray tube and a new circuit for association therewith in the production or detection of oscillations.

The object of this invention is to provide means for improving operating characteristics of a micro-ray signaling system.

A feature of the invention is a micro-ray tube having leads therefrom carrying the high frequency oscillations, which are close together.

Another feature of the invention is the provision or" a lead connected to the midpoint of the oscillating electrode of a micro-ray tube and projecting from the tube at right angles to the axis of said elctrode.

55 Another feature of the invention is a circuit arrangement for the use of such a tube in a signaling system.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, of the micro-ray tube of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan View of a slight modification of the tube of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view showing the development of the reflecting electrode of the tubes of Figs. 1 and 2; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are circuit diagrams showing how my new tube may be used in a circuit for producing or detecting modulated micro-rays respectively.

In Fig. 1 a highly evacuated chamber 1 has 7 therein a filament or cathode 2, an oscillating electrode or grid 3, and a cylindrical reflecting electrode or anode 4. The electrodes are mounted upon a stem 5 in the chamber. A spring 6 which may be of molybdenum keeps the cathode 7 under tension. Leads '7 and 8 are parallel with one another and are connected, respectively, to the oscillating electrode 3 and reflecting electrode 4. A slot 9 (Fig; 3) is provided in the refleeting electrode. A lead 10 is connected to the 30 midpoint of the oscillating electrode and projects through the slot 9 in the reflecting electrode to the outside of the tube at its upper extremity. The lead 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the electrodes.

In Fig. 2 all the elements are the same as in Fig. l, the only difference between the two figures being that the leads '7 and 8 lie in a plane perpendicular to the lead 10. This is a preferred construction, although the construction shown in Fig. 1 will operate with satisfactory results.

In Fig. 3 the reflecting electrode l is shown extended. This electrode is formed by simply rolling the piece of metal into the form of a cylinder and fastening the tap 12 to the opposite end of the plate.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the elements of the tube shown are numbered the same as in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Batteries 13, 14 and 15 supply potential to the cathode, oscillating electrode and reflecting electrode respectively, battery 14 being in series with choke coil 16 and battery 15 being in series with choke coil 1'7. A second circuit between the oscillating electrode and the cathode comprises a condenser 18 and potentiometer l9. Across 5 the potentiometer is connected the secondary of a transformer 20. A tap on the potentiometer 19 is connected through a condenser 21 to the reflecting electrode. The leads 7 and 8 from the oscillating and reflecting electrodes are connected to the inner and outer conductors of the concentric conductor transmission system. These conductors lead to the radiating antenna 22-23.

Signal modulations, which may consist of a simple or complex wave in any frequency range, are applied to the primary of transformer 20 and through the secondary of this transformer and potentiometer 19 are applied to the oscillating and reflecting electrodes. By applying the modulating wave in this manner the voltage applied to the oscillating and reflecting electrodes may be divided so as to lie on a constant frequency curve for the tube, and distortionless amplitude modulations may be obtained.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit for using either of the tubes of Figs. 1 and 2 for the detection of incoming ultra short Waves. The waves are received on an antenna 2425 and conducted through a concentric transmission line and leads 7 and 8 to the oscillating and reflecting electrodes. The voltages are applied to the electrodes from batteries arranged similarly to those in Fig. 4. A transformer 26 has its primary connected in the circuit of the oscillating electrode and the detected incoming signals may be taken off through this transformer.

It is to be understood that the circuits of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 may employ a plurality of microray tubes in parallel within the scope of this invention. Also any convenient modulating and detecting circuits may be used instead of those shown.

What is claimed is:

A micro-ray tube comprising a cathode, an oscillating electrode therein, a reflecting electrode therein, parallel leads from said electrodes, and a lead from said oscillating electrode perpendicular to the plane of said parallel leads.

ANDRE G. CLAVIER. 

